Phytochemicals

• Phytochemicals (e.g. flavonoids, carotenoids) are found in fruit, vegetables, wholegrains and nuts. They are not true nutrients, but help to protect our health. Many function as antioxidants, helping to mop up excess amounts of "free radicals" – unstable molecules produced by normal bodily processes, such as breathing and digestion (and increased by smoking and excess sun exposure) that fly around the body with the potential to damage healthy cells.
• By counteracting these free radicals, antioxidants may help reduce the risk of long-term disorders, such as heart disease, stroke, cataracts and cancers, and lead to healthier ageing. Vitamin E, vitamin C, beta-carotene and selenium have antioxidant effects too.
• Phytochemicals that our body cannot use pass through the bowel, where their local presence confers protection against bowel disease.